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  1.    Concept of System A system is a set of interrelated units. Units ·          Units may be People, buildings, animals, beliefs, Laws etc. ·          Each unit is related to and dependent upon other unit within the same system. ·          A change in one unit may bring change in another unit or in the whole system. ·          Each unit has function of their own which is different from other units. Despite of having different functions, every unit collectively work towards achieving a common goal of the system. Hence the functioning of the system depends on the functioning of every unit. The system function towards attainments of Certain Goal. Example of a system is Respiratory system. Units of respiratory system are lungs, Nose, Trachea, Diaphragm etc. these all perform different functions but the overall goal is to intake oxygen and deliver it to blood and remove carbon dioxide from blood. 2.   Concept of Society In abstract terms, as a network of relationship

Formative and summative evaluation 1. Formative Evaluation It occurs during the course of curriculum development. Its purpose is to contribute to the improvement of the educational program. The merits of a program are evaluated during the process of its development. The evaluation results provide information to the program developers and enable them to correct flaws detected in the program. 2. Summative Evaluation . In summative evaluation, the final effects of a curriculum are evaluated on the basis of its stated objectives. It takes place after the curriculum has been fully developed and put into operations. Pre/Post testing - Pre-test/post-test evaluation is one of three assessment tools that is strongly recommended. test/post-test evaluation is an assessment tool that is administered before and after the implementation of curriculum. The pre test is a set of question given to participants'/sample Population before the implementation of curriculum in or

Meaning of curriculum evaluation Curriculum evaluation is the process of getting to know about the status of the curriculum either it is fulfilling the objectives for which it is designed or not, to check any execution difficulty, validity and other aspects of curriculum.  Levels Of Curriculum Evaluation Micro Level Micro level evaluation ensures the attainment of pre-stipulated educational objectives. To what extent the curriculum is able to achieve its goal is determined by micro level evaluation. Macro Level  Macro level evaluation involves the evaluation of whole curriculum process starting from assessment of need to Its selection and organization of learning experiences. Further Readings: Need and Importance of curriculum Evaluation Download Full Content: Curriculum Evaluation

Need and Importance of curriculum evaluation 1. To determine the outcomes of a program. 2. To help in deciding whether to accept or reject a program. 3. To ascertain the need for the revision of the course content. 4. To help in future development of the curriculum material for continuous improvement. 5. To improve methods of teaching and instructional techniques. 6. evaluation helps the curriculum developer to determine the effectiveness of new procedures and identify areas where revision is needed. 7. When the curriculum has been fully developed, evaluation makes it possible to determine the effectiveness in meeting the instructional objectives. Further Readings: Type/Aspects of Curriculum Evaluation Download full Content:   Curriculum Evaluation